Sebastian Henderson Essays (933 words) - Devon, Academic Dishonesty

Sebastian Henderson Prof Owen Sutkowski COM 231-75 4/25/2017 Diagram I. Presentation A. As of late in the news there have been numerous instances of scholarly misrepresentation at colleges, for example, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Tennessee and Florida State University. B. A few cases have been about Universities compelling extortion, for example, the ones recorded previously. Be that as it may, a few schools have been going to bat for competitors attempting to get them the assist they with requiring, for example, Clemson University, East Carolina University, and the University of Florida. C. There ought to be special cases to the honesty rule in light of the fact that the understudy competitors can't get the assistance that they have to do well in school. Likewise that schools are fixing grades, and the base evaluation direct normal prerequisite toward play school football is unreasonably low for competitors to increase quality instruction. II. Body Paragraph 1 A. The issue of Academic Fraud and Academic trustworthiness is a genuineness issue. Likewise the article it is in is exceptionally confounding and is brimming with provisos B.It is in some cases said that instruction is the main business where the less one accommodates the value the more satisfied clients are - the vast majority of us, when we are understudies, welcome a three day weekend from class or a schoolwork free weeknight. Competitors are the same, and the awards of rivalry in a region of their unique aptitudes have the potential for some to debilitate further the responsibility to coursework and class participation. C. Staff make a solid effort to draw in understudies in learning, and maybe in no other zone does a college signal an improper prioritization of games over scholastics than when, by strategy or by authoritative choices, it sends the message that preparation or rivalries take need over class participation and coursework. D. A great deal of schools have controlled these guidelines and escape clauses III. Body Paragraph 2 a. The pioneers among those schools are The University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Florida State University, The University of Tennessee, Auburn University, Notre Dame and numerous others. b. These Universities have been blamed and some for them saw as liable of knocking SAT ACT scores alongside knocking up GPA's and grades. SAT score as low as 400's, ACT scores as low as 13's and GPA's as low as 1.25's(ESPN.com). c. Likewise a portion of the schools are offering courses, for example, demonstration classes, classes that competitors don't need to appear for the class the whole year then you come in to take midterms and finals and you get an evaluation for it. d. At that point there are the cases, for example, Devon Ramsey. IV. Body Paragraph 3 A. Devon Ramsay was a fullback at The University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, in his lesser year and was extraordinary compared to other Fullback's in his draft class. B. Devon was Sociology major and he was taking a shot at a three page paper named Industrialized Nations. C. Being on the football crew, to assist offset with tutoring and football, Devon went to one of the group mentors. He messaged this guide the paper so she could assist him with spelling and linguistic mistakes. D. She checked and amended a tad bit of the paper and sent it back to Devon with the seal of endorsement. Devon turned in the paper .Later that week, Devon's Coach called him into his office( Reily , Katie). V. Body Paragraph 4 A. Devon was educated that he was associated with a NCAA examination for his infringement of the Academic Integrity rule on account of illicit outside help on his paper B. Devon was stunned he was very worried because of the way that he didn't do anything other than get a little required assistance on a paper for a genuine class. Ramsay was then informed that he could no longer completion the season while under scrutiny. C. Devon was grief stricken in light of the fact that this couldn't just destroy his opportunity of playing master ball yet he could be removed in the event that he is seen as liable. Fortunately Robert Orr, a North Carolina legal counselor caught wind of this case and needed to battle this foul play. D. Also, before Devon's Senior the choice was switched by the NCAA. Tragically, Devon tore his ACL the fourth round of the period. In any case, unfortunately, Devon isn't

Volunteer Tourism but you can choose any subject relative to tourism Essay

Volunteer Tourism yet you can pick any expose comparative with the travel industry - Essay Example A portion of the emotional elements are age, instruction, financial status, sex, and so forth and the target factors are social, social, monetary, ecological ones. To be sure a volunteer tourist’s impression of a goal should be impacted by both emotional and target factors. An inside and out information on the variables that impact the traveler demography’s impression of goals can help both the business visionaries and the academicians in this part. Methods of reasoning for the Research In flow the travel industry talks, ‘volunteerism’ or ‘volunteer tourism’ is an incipient thought that is identified with a wide scope of financial, social and natural concerns. During nowadays, the developing individual enthusiasm for the charming yields of elective the travel industry because of the absences of mass the travel industry has drawn expanding scholastic just as business regard for volunteer the travel industry. On one hand, present day the travel i ndustry progressively moves its consideration from the customary mass the travel industry to the volunteer the travel industry using the consumers’ enthusiasm for exceptional the travel industry encounters and then again, the wildernesses of the travel industry are continually stood up to with the financial, social and ecological concerns while propounding an all embracive definition, of volunteer the travel industry, that fundamentally will characterize its associations with those worries. Since the term â€Å"volunteer tourism† is a greater amount of the speculation of a travel industry idea that fills in as an option in contrast to the idea of a mass traditional the travel industry, it seems, by all accounts, to be the reason for other specific the travel industry items, for example, ecotourism, social the travel industry, experience the travel industry, and so forth that incorporate volunteer parts and genuineness of encounters beyond what customary mass the travel industry can offer. To be sure however the travel industry and its job as immediate the travel industry specialist organizations are very versatile with the idea of mass the travel industry, vacationer industry and volunteer the travel industry are adroitly contrastive with one another, since volunteer voyagers need to â€Å"benefit from uprooted self-comprehension and the opportunity to go past the limits that boondocks [of the travel industry industries] present† (Wearing, 2001:2). Along these lines, while mass the travel industry permits the administrators of the travel industry businesses to apply power over the tourists’ exercises to hold fast to the socio-social and ecological insurance conventions, to a degree that is more noteworthy than the volunteer the travel industry items permit the administrators, since the opportunity enthusiasm expected by the volunteer visitors is in direct diverge from such control. It appears that the travel industry administrators are tossed in unending battle to make them increasingly adaptable and versatile with these desires meet the tourists’ desires opportunity to go past the confinement of ordinary the travel industry, as Igor Ackerberg and Parkpoom Prapasawudi state, â€Å"Currently, the division is advancing toward higher commercialization with more benefit arranged organizations offering volunteer the travel industry bundles, making the investigation of volunteer tourists’ recognition

Stress Management for Introverts

Stress Management for Introverts Stress Management Management Techniques Print Stress Management for Introverts By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on June 27, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Tony Anderson/Getty Images Introverts tend to be misunderstood in our society. They dont dislike people, and they dont just want to be left alone. They do, however, experience stress in certain situations that are experienced as exciting for many extroverts. While these differences arent absoluteâ€"they can range from barely noticeable to extreme, depending on where someone falls on the introvert-extrovert spectrumâ€"they are important to understand for introverts and extroverts alike. 1:34 8 Signs You're an Introvert 8 Signs You Might Be an Introvert Differences Between Extroverts and Introverts Extroverts tend to be confident, dominant, and have a high need for stimulation, whereas introverts are more understated, and need more down time.  This means that introverts may more often shy away from making plans with others  as they may not know in advance if they will have enough energy that day. They may also leave social events earlier and be less engaged while at an event; most introverts prefer to talk to one person or a small group rather than holding the attention of a crowd. Introverts often enjoy people as much as extroverts and are often very good friends to those they care about. However, they are drained by human interaction, while extroverts are energized by it.   Introverts may be less likely to instigate plans than their extroverted counterparts, and they may be more likely to cancel plans with others, even if they enjoy other people’s company.  They are more likely to thoroughly think things through before sharing their thoughts with others, where extroverts may process their thoughts and ideas aloud. They are often more affected by the moods of others, which can lead to “contagious” stress reactions. With all of this, introverts still love people, care deeply for their friends, and need connection as much as extroverts; they just may get more out of a quiet night in with a friend than a loud party with a big crowd. And that’s OK. Potential Pitfalls for Introverts Unfortunately for introverts, there is an observed tendency for them to report lower levels of happiness and life satisfaction.?? Researchers who study the “Big Five” personality traits have found that those higher in introversion versus extroversion may have to work harder at stress management and happiness in general, where it may come more naturally to extroverts. Why This Matters Because introverts and extroverts may experience life somewhat differently (and our society tends to be more geared toward extroverts), introverts can benefit from some stress management strategies geared specifically to their more quiet nature. If you are an introvert (or if you love one), it’s important to understand some of the needs and traits that come with a more introverted nature.  In fact, those higher in extroversion tend to be less stressed as parents.?? This could be because  extroverts  are more energized than drained by the group activity that comes with parenting, or it could be due to other factors. Either way, less stressed parents may raise less stressed children, so it is important for introverts to find effective ways to manage stress. What Can Be Done? There are many  strategies that can help introverts to  manage the stress that comes with living in a way that works best for them. The following sections can help introverts counteract some of the sensitivities that come with being introverted, such as a decreased tendency to seek out human interaction, even though strong social support is associated with higher levels of happiness and life satisfaction. Finally, read the following sections to the end to learn some of the advantages of being an introvertâ€"there are several! Tips Specific to  Introverts Introverts can practice every stress management technique that extroverts practice, of course, but certain techniques may be more appealing to introverts. Other techniques are more suited to introverts. Finally, some strategies are important to counteract a natural tendency to miss out on some of the activities that may benefit you, that may come naturally to extroverts. Here are some ideas to consider. Practice Meditation.  Meditation can boost your resilience toward stress when practiced long-term and can help you to feel more relaxed in the short-term as well. There are many ways to practice meditation, but overall, it is a quiet practice. This allows you to increase your ability to get centered when you feel thrown off by the stress of your environment, or of the people around you.  Get Into Journaling.  Writing in a journal is a great way to process your emotions or train your mind to focus on the positive. Journaling brings several health and stress management benefits that are proven by research. Maintaining an emotion-processing journal, a coincidence journal, or a gratitude journal are just a few ways to use writing as a way to process, to take whats in your mind and get it out. Journaling can bring great stress relief for just about anyone, but its particularly suited to introverts.Examine Your Thoughts. Negative thoughts can increase your experience of stress. Extroverts tend to be more positive in their thinking, but positive thought patterns can be developed. Here are some stress-reducing ways to change your self-talk and build your resilience to toward stress.Actively Cultivate Good Moods. Research has found that positive affectâ€"the experience of being in a good moodâ€"is related to happiness as well as resiliency. Unfortunately, introverts tend to experience less positive effects in their daily lives, but this too can be changed. Learn more about how your levels of positive affect can influence your experience of stress, and find ways to cultivate positive effect in your daily life.?? Its easier than you may think, once you actively focus on it.Organize Your Space.  Introverts love having a space of their own, a place to go and recharge.  If your space is chaotic, this becomes more difficult. While cleaning may not be the most enjoyable activity you can engage in, maintaining a happy place for yourself can be great for stress management, so it is entirely worth it to think of cleaning as a stress reliever and maintain a peaceful space of your own.  Express Your Gratitude.  While extroverts may automatically express their thanks to those they care about (and even those they may just meet casually), introverts may find these expressions come less naturally. Expressing gratitude for the people in your lifeâ€"to  the people in your lifeâ€"can bring benefits of increasing your life satisfaction and strengthening your relationship satisfaction. (People love feeling appreciated, and this can build a tendency for others to express their appreciation for you, too.)  So let people know when you appreciate them, and why. You can also maintain a gratitude journal to expand your tendency to notice these things.Develop Optimism. Extroverts have been found to be more often optimistic and tend to appraise challenges more positively. This provides an advantage. Those who look at lifes difficulties as a challenge instead of a threat tend to be less stressed and more proactive in dealing with them. Those who are realistically optimistic tend to be more successful as well. Fortunately, optimism can be developed, to an extent. If you are an introvert, you can give yourself an advantage in stress management and in life by actively building your tendency toward optimism.Know Your Limits and Respect Them.  Many introverts feel the need to keep up with their extroverted friends in an attempt to appear more friendly. If you can push yourself to be more extroverted than you naturally would be, this isnt a bad thingâ€"studies show that when introverts act extroverted, they experience an increase in feelings of happiness.?? However, its also important to know your limits and choose your activities so you dont push yourself too far. Its OK to recharge.Push Yourself to Be More Extroverted When It Works for You.  As mentioned, research shows that introverts are found to get a boost of positive mood when they act extroverted on pu rpose. This same research found that introverts underestimate the amount of positive emotion theyll experience when they do this.?? So once you are aware of your boundaries and limitations as far as how much social time you can handle before youre exhausted, its a great idea to push yourself a little extra to be more friendly with people. You may be surprised by how much you enjoy it!Practice Self-Compassion. Because the world sometimes seems set-up for extroverts, and often people will judge introverts unfairly, it is important what it means to be more of an introvert, and embrace your differences. We all have our strengths and weaknesses, and if you can explain to people that you love them but may have a greater need for down time, they may be more accepting of who you are as well. The most important thing to remember is that self-compassion is valuable. Being gentle with yourself as well as with others, and building compassion with practices like the loving-kindness meditation  c an really help. How Self-Compassion Makes You Happier The Good News Introverts are less prone to hide negative emotionsâ€"and are less stressed because of it.  One study examined 404 Israeli participants and their patterns of faking and hiding their emotions.?? This study examined the effects of hiding negative emotions and faking positive ones, noting the effects on both relationship satisfaction and physical health. Introverts were less likely to hide negative emotions in their relationships and less likely to suffer as a result.   Extroverts were both more likely to hide negative emotions in their relationships, and more likely to experience lower relationship satisfaction and negative effects on their health, and this effect was more pronounced than the consequences for faking positive emotions.   In fact, faking positive emotions did not bring the same negative consequences at all, demonstrating that the “fake it until you make it” approach to happiness in relationships may be a better approach.  This in itself is important to know, but it’s also nice for introverts to know that their natural tendency to talk things out brings health benefits and a more satisfying relationship in the long run.   There are many other benefits to introversion, so in focusing on your strengths instead of your weaknesses, and balancing things out with the right stress management techniques, introverts can be quiet, resilient, and very happy. Where Do You Fit on the Dimensions of Introversion and Shyness Scale?

How A Successful Seo Agency - 1058 Words

How to Build a Successful SEO Agency Introduction As you might be aware, starting any type of business venture comes with plenty of challenges. SEO agency is no exception. In this jam-packed market, making your way through to the top can be such a daunting task. Just to mention, SEO is the current and probably the only next face of internet marketing. Therefore, any aspiring online marketer should make a prudent choice of including this efficient marketing strategy for his/her business. Coupled with the increasing usage and spread of internet, successful marketing requires more than just regular advertisements. Having said that, building a successful SEO agency that will ascertain the achievement of stellar success is undoubtedly†¦show more content†¦Whereas the above-mentioned methods can be a direct source of clients, and a better way of marketing your agency, the tactics can backfire, damaging your reputation. Therefore, this leaves credibility building as a shotgun to SEO agency success. How to establish credibility As mentioned prior, credibility score could be the only sure way of succeeding in this rather complicated market structure. According to most experts, various customers base their purchase decisions on two core credibility qualities. The qualities are: Expertise. This can be arrived at by providing important information to your potential customers. Trustworthiness. Developing trust with your customers provides higher scores in the credibility scale. This can be achieved by delivering on promises and following through on the commitments you make. Though credibility may take time to build, constant devotion, diligence and consistent effort are essential. But why is credibility of such importance? Importance of credibility There are endless claims from business persons who have been taken for a ride by several SEO companies. This has created negative preconceived notions against other similar SEO agencies. Actually, currently some brands are becoming keen to avoid any negative associations with SEO. Therefore, the conversation is moving from SEO towards the untarnished term, but rather with the same meaning, ‘inbound marketing.’ New SEO service providersShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Choosing The Best Search Engine Optimization Company768 Words   |  4 Pagesthe primary objectives of SEO as it is only by optimizing your internet-site that potential customers will find your page on the top pages of the likes of major search engines. The key to being sure that your business positions highly on search engines like Google is to retain the service of an SEO agency. However, with a large number of SEO agencies, its important that companies are cautious when selecting a search engine optimization professional. Below is a guide on how to choose the best searchRead MoreData And Facts Of Business1265 Words   |  6 PagesOrainti Data Facts Time In Business: 2012 Dashboard: No Contract Length: Undisclosed SEO Services: †¢ On Page SEO: Yes †¢ Content Marketing: Yes †¢ Social Media Management: No †¢ Video SEO: No †¢ Public Relations: No †¢ Pay Per Click (PPC) Campaigns: No Glassdoor Company Rating: None BBB: No file, no rating, http://www.bbb.org/search/?type=nameinput=oraintilocation=tobid=filter=businessradius=country=USA%2CCANlanguage=encodeType=YPPA Introduction Welcome to our Orainti review.Read MoreWhy We Need Expert Help1426 Words   |  6 Pagesconsultant or agency. However, most of the marketing agencies aren’t updated with the trends of the online marketing sphere. Even if they do offer SEO services, probably they are following the orthodox methodologies that are not in existence in today’s scenario. 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Though, because SEO Company USA typically offers dissimilar pricing for dissimilar services along with lengths of terms, cost shopping can be complicated. The SEO services should be understandable about every fee along with the services incorporated with those costs, upfront. The majority will need some sort of initial fee, but will typically put together aRead MoreAnalysis Of Salt Lake City Seo Service-Search Engine Optimisation Business1012 Words   |  5 Pages (-- removed HTML --) Salt Lake City Seo Service - Search Engine Optimization Firms (-- removed HTML --) You also may ought to consider applying a internet search engine optimisation business to aid enhance your web page for search engine results. Ideally, an internet search engine optimization provider calls for a internet designer which might help to produce alterations for your website in order to improve search engine optimisation the moment the company has examined your websites current searchRead MoreDo You Know How Many Types Of Digital Marketing?932 Words   |  4 PagesDo you know how many types of digital marketing are used in business? Can you name the various examples of digital marketing available in 2017? Would you believe it if I tell you that there are more than five digital marketing tools available? Yes, there are more than five digital marketing tools that can be used in business to reach its customers locally and worldwide. The concept of digital marketing is broad and is the phrase most commonly used today. It brings together all forms of marketingRead MoreDigital Marketing : What Is It Important?1604 Words   |  7 Pageseverything else. Yes, you need to know your customers but that’s not enough. You need to make sure you know your customers better than anyone else in order for you to communicate with them more effectively. By communicating with them where, when and exactly how they want, they automatically become much more receptive to the message. In order to do that you need to almost consolidate a view or opinion of your customer’s preferences and expectations and in order to do this y ou need to gather information fromRead MoreSeo And Optimization Services For A Local Agency1486 Words   |  6 PagesSEO and Optimization Services Looking for a local agency to manage your SEO? Our SEO Services are designed with one purpose in mind: make your business the first hit on search engines for of local search results. It doesn’t matter if you sell a product through an online store or provide travel-based, in-home services to your clients, we will bump your site rating to the top of local search engine results. Our business is trictly white-hat SEO, meaning that your site’s search rank survives any changes

War Between Mexico And The United States - 1055 Words

Monica Tavassoli Mrs. Baldwin History Period 4 4/1/15 Was the U.S. Justified in Going to War with Mexico? During the 1800s the phrase â€Å"Manifest Destiny,† meaning obvious fate, was the belief that it was America’s right and duty to spread across the North American continent. This was a cause for Americans to start expanding their land ownership throughout the continent by settling in areas which they knew had many valuable resources. During the time that America had decided to annex Texas, many problems started to rise between Mexico and the United States. In the eyes of Mexico, the annexation of Texas was an act of war. Furthermore, both countries were having a hard time trying to agree on a border, because both wanted control of the Rio Grande, but it was unfortunate that only one of them would be able to claim the river. So, in 1846, Mexican soldiers started firing at American troops who were patrolling along the Rio Grande, which lead to sixteen Americans being killed and wounded. Polk used this as a cause for war, and stated that Mexico, â€Å"has invaded our ter ritory and shed American blood on American soil.† All in all, the United states was clearly justified in going to war with Mexico, because Mexico had invaded American territory, shed American blood upon American soil, had come within American power, and the United states was able to offer them a position above any that they have previously occupied. On December 19, 1837, the Congress of Texas had affirmed that theShow MoreRelatedThe War Between Mexico And The United States Essay1760 Words   |  8 PagesFollowing eleven years of struggle, Mexico finally achieved its independence from Spain in September of 1827. Yet over the next 40 years, Mexico would see nearly half of its lands lost from circumstances both in its control and those that were not. Fundamental in the structuring of the events that occurred were the altercations between Mexico and the U.S., chiefly speaking the cessation of Texas from Mexico, the war between Mexico and the United States, and the Gadsden Purchase. These proceedingsRead MoreThe Mexican American War : A War Between Mexico And The United States1229 Words   |  5 PagesMonica Vela Kerry Jones Composition II November 24, 2014 The Mexican-American War was a war between Mexico and the United States that initiated in 1846 and finished in 1848 in the wake of the U.S capture of Texas, which Mexico considered part of its land. After independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico inherited the provinces of California, New Mexico and Texas. Enervated and virtually bankrupt after the war, the new Mexican government could not control its northern territories that were thousandsRead MoreMexican American War And The United States1102 Words   |  5 Pagesmost important war in the history of United State was the â€Å"Mexican-American War†, also called by Mexicans â€Å"the United State Invasion†. The war begun in the 19th century when the United State expansion cause disagreements with the Mexicans. One important character in the United State side was the president James K. Polk who served during the war time. Beside Mexico side the president Santa Anna led Mexico to the first the battle of Mexico with Texas which later one bring the war between this two countriesRead MoreThe Determination Of The Rio Grande1377 Words   |  6 Pagesborder because of this belief. However, Mexico objected and claimed that the Nueces River was the Texas border. The United States did not want the Nueces River to be the border because it did not fulfill the Manifest Destiny. So then the only way to make the Rio Grande the border was to push Mexican out of the area. American had to make Mexico recognize that the Texas border was the Rio Grande. The Rio Grande is the fifth longest river to run through the United States and the 20th longest in the worldRead MoreU.s. Congress Declared War Against Mexico Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesThe U.S. Congress declared war against Mexico. The U.S. congress, pushed by president James K. Polk, declared war in light of many differences of political standings with a few hot button topics. The main points of issue where the two countries opposing views on slavery, the annexation of Texas and California , as well as the idea of the Manifest Destiny. The standings Mexico and the United States had on these problems directed the countries for war. The United States had numerous advantages in comparisonRead MoreThe Mexican War Of Mexico1466 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mexican War Starting in 1845 and concluding in 1850 with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was the era where the Mexican war occurred. This war had triggers with disagreements on the ideal of Manifest Destiny and major actions by President Polk that led the United States into attempting to annex Texas. Texas at that time was independent and was not part of Mexico nor America. Mexico wanted Texas to stay neutral that they threatened a war to the United States if they tried anything to attempt anythingRead MoreThe Annexation Of The United States1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe annexation of Texas was a path that many Texans wanted. Nearly ninety percent of Texans wanted to become part of the United States. â€Å"People hadn’t come to Texas to become part of the British Empire; most were particularly incensed by the British insistence on emancipation of the slaves; responding to public sentiment, the Texas Senate demanded that President Houston give them a full accounting of his dealings wit h Great Britain†. Before annexation, The Republic of Texas was a sovereign nationRead MoreThe American Of The Mexican American War Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mexican-American War was a result from the rising conflict between Mexico and the United States on who has the rights for Texas after Texas gained its independence from Mexico on March 2, 1836. Before Texas annexed with the United States on December 29, 1845, it was an independent state with 9 years of being free from Mexico . Although Mexico never acknowledged Texas to secede from them, the Texans and the United States did so the U.S. decided to add Texas as the 28th state. After Texas gainedRead MoreMexican American War : The United States784 Words   |  4 Pages Mexican-American War The Mexican-American War is one of the deadliest wars in U.S. History. This war was a Battle driven by Manifest Destiny for the Americans to acquire the territory of Texas that they felt belonged to them. But Mexico refused to give up the territory to the United States. The war consisted of several issues between the United States and Mexico that couldn’t be negotiated or resolved without the use of force. After a border incident between Mexican and American troops. PresidentRead MoreThe American Of The Mexican American War1121 Words   |  5 PagesMexican-American War was a gruesome and bloody battle involving the two major powers between the Americans and the Mexicans. The first major power was the annexation of Texas and the second power is the protection along with the acquisition of the territory. States provinces such as California, Texas and New Mexico is inherited by Mexico from Spain. Mexico government was weakened and practically bankrupt after the war and was unable to take control of their territories. Before the war started, there

Sports Day Free Essays

COMPETENCY LEVEL TEST Date: CHEMISTRY Grade: State true or false. The minimum number of carbon atoms in a ketone molecule is two. (1) 5. We will write a custom essay sample on Sports Day or any similar topic only for you Order Now How does the number of valence electrons vary on moving from left to right in a period? (1) 6. The horizontal rows in a periodic table are called as   (1) 7. Name the property of carbon element responsible for a large number of compounds having carbon. (1) 8. On what basis did Mendeleev arrange the elements in his periodic table? On what basis are they arranged now? (2) 9. Three elements A,B C have electronic configurations (2,7) ; (2,8,1) (2,8,7). Which pairs of elements belong to the same group. Which of these is a metal. (2) 10. Five elements A,B, C, D E have atomic numbers 2,9,11,12 20. respectively. (i) Which pair of elements are in the same period? (ii) Which of these belong to same period? (2) 11. State two characteristics of homologous series . (2) 12. State any two changes in the properties of I group elements of modern periodic table, if we move downwards. (2) 13. How does metallic character varies in a group and a period? (2) 14. What are structural isomers? Write two structural isomers of butane. How to cite Sports Day, Essay examples

HIH Insurance Group Australia Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the HIH Insurance Group Australia. Answer: Introduction HIH Insurance found in 1968. It was Australia's 2nd largest insurance company(2017). It found by Ray Williams and Michael Payne earlier, the company known by "M W Payne endorsing office private Ltd". In 1971 - It was taken by the British organisation CE Health PLC(Anon., 2017). Beam Williamsdelegated to CE Health in 1980. In 1989 CE Health PLC holds 90 percent of the responsibility for Health International Holdings. In 1992 - CE Health glided in Australian Stock Exchange (ASX)(Julie D, 2017). In 1995 - CE Health International possessions to 50% and it was bought by Winterthur, the Swiss insurance company(Julie D, 2017). In May 1996 - CE Health International Holdings changed its name to HIH Winterthur(Julie D, 2017). 1998 HIH Winterthur gained a significant number of organisations in Australia and internationally, including Colonial Ltd general protection Ltd in Australia, and New Zealand, Solart in Argentina. Great State Insurance in the United States. In 1999, HIH Winterthur purchased a large number of Australian Insurance Company FAI, and Chief Executive (CE) Rodney Adler become a Director of HIH. Winterthur Swiss 51 % of HIH partook out in the open and converted its name to HIH Insurance Ltd. The Sudden corporate Collapse: In 2001, the HIH Insurance went into temporary liquidation of misfortunes more than $5 billion. The second biggest insurance agency in Australia, HIH has at the tail of the finish a noteworthy securing. In 2001 board delegated temporary vendor to control its element. The load up will trust it will offer time to audit its operation and set out its money related position. Then again HIH declares its first half money related report, yet the report was not declared. McGrath selected as a temporary outlet, and he calculated that HIH has lost: over $800 million. As per McGrath, HIH insurance in a table for: Fast development, Unsupervised assignment by expert, Broad and complex reinsurance assertion, Underpricing, False report, Neglectful administration In competency, Extortion, Ravenousness and Self-manageAs indicated by the inward report of the organisation the genuine danger of indebtedness was Company's obligation use and protection liabilities. HIH disappointment was the biggest corporate disappointment in Australia's history. Federal commission formed a new non-profit commission: Royal commission A royal commission established by the federal commission, which would look into matters of the companys collapse. The head of the Royal Commission was Justice Neville John Owen, and the council formed a new non-profit organisation called HCS, which process the government support for HIH policy holders. Trusted executives involved in the scandal: CEO: Rodney Adler On 14 April 2005, HIH chief Rodney Adler had condemned, with a no parole measure of more than two years. Rodney Adler's correctional facility sentence came in the wake of confessing on 16 February 2005 to 4 criminal allegations that as follow: 2 - checks of distributive data, knowing it was entirely false. 1 - check of getting money: - by false or deceiving proclamations 1 - check purposely unscrupulous and neglecting to release his obligations as an executive by some basic honesty and to the greatest advantage of the organisation The sentence was a permissive one since the pick acknowledged the respondent's supplication of moderation, referring to that he had not sold any of his offers or in personal profit by his activities Securities exchange: Australian Securities Exchange laid criminal allegations against Rodney Adler for a stock exchange. Adler buys HIH shares by Pacific Eagle Equities private Ltd. Pacific Eagle Equities obtain: Date HIH shares 15 June 2000 1873661 16 June 2000 951339 19 June 2000 425000 Rodney Adler influences Ray Williams to Move $ 10 million from HIH insurance to Pacific Eagle Equities. Adler protection group consulted the Director of Public Prosecution to drop Charges against security exchange in recurrence for a liable request to different cases. False Information: On 19 June and 20 June 2000, Rodney Adler endeavoured to actuate speculators for buying HIH shares by telling a fund columnist that he has obtained 1,873,661 HIH shares 15 June 2000 951,339 HIH shares 16 June 2000 for him Rodney Adler additionally speaks the writer that he trusted the offer cost for HIH had underestimated and introduced an open door for the early development. Cases of the HIH difficulties: Last ten years, HIH has made more than 200 backups, and HIH business covers the entire protection business portion. It entered in the protection advertise which is as of now packed and aggressive, by offering a lower security premium. The vast majority of the HIH challenge was because of its potential used business technique HIH procured some harried protection with its too high cost amid fast development. The most dubious obtaining were $300 million to purchase FAI from Adler. At the time HIH takes over FAI that time both were monetarily wiped out, they give the false impression to the universe of being fiscally solid in HIH case; however, FAI stuck in an unfortunate situation. HIH had essential issues likewise, for example, underpricing and hold issue. HIH offered protection at low cost. As indicated by squeeze report, HIH guide had cautioned HIH's hazard administration concern a year before organisation fall. Rather than including additional capital, HIH purchase reinsurance to lay off its hazard. HIH disappointment was not just because of the business methodology crucial issue, yet also incorporates the issues like the false report, neglectful administration, misrepresentation and self-managing. Securities exchange control and scattering false data. Sydney business person Brad Cooper was condemned in the superior court on June 23, 2006. After a Jury discovered Brad Cooper liable for thirteen charges including influences paid to the HIH authority to show false cases previously the safety net provider's crumple. It found that three outside inspector of the HIH raise tremendous issues for the dependence of the data given by the organisation Regulatory bodies react on this scandal: APRA: Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority:- APRA acted in delegating a reviewer for fizzled HIH insurance agency(Anon., 2016), Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority blow over its parts and activities. The arrangement of an assessor for review is the significant energy of APRA under the protection Act 1973. That was the preeminent movement towards liquidation and accurately, in this Act, some legal securities guarantee, this power is not utilised dexterously. For Exercising this Act APRA had not solid legal grounds. It was assumed that; if the investigator named before then it would be some way or another keep that present circumstance of HIH protection(Anon., 2001). However, certainty is that issue of HIH protection was not new it was for quite a long while. What occurred in the most recent month was a re-inspecting by the organisation and its evaluators. APRA envision naming a reviewer four or months prior would have been useful for lessening HIH issues; however, in genuine it would not diminish the issues of HIH protection. It is without a doubt conflicts with the enthusiasm of security holder. Appointing a reviewer is the primary choice left to APRA. APRA worked from the most recent couple of months, inside its forces, in light of a legitimate concern for strategy holder. APRA did not recommend about HIH statutory dissolvability issue. Inspector displayed a write about September, which indicates twofold the level of dissolvability. This report was affirmed again in January. There was no confirmation of any break of dissolvability. APRA needs accounting report, and Business dangers for better comprehend of HIH. APRA required making robust hazard administration framework. For fortified the position of HIH protection holder, APRA encourages concurrence with Allianz, NRMA and QBE. Because of assertions: 1 million insurance holders had retained insurance coverage. Claims of $45 million paid in first two months. The outstanding claim of $1.3 billion covered entirely. Around 750000 travel insurance remain current and all valid claims were met. The Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 1989 set up The Parliamentary Joint Statutory Committee on Corporations and Securities established under section 241(David , 2001), The Committee must be delegated toward the beginning of every Parliament. The present Committee is for the 39th Parliament, which started on 10 November 1998. The Committee's debt and accentuation seem adequate energy to investigate any issue identifying with the decline of HIH. Committee on Pension and Financial Service: The Senate Committee on Pension and Financial Services formed to look at the crumpled by HIH. It was additionally working Committee, which was made to investigate HIH insurance collapse; related issues were the significant aspect of its ongoing request. Government reaction: Dates Events 11 May 2001 Repay $50 million bundles to mischance casualties and property holders influenced by HIH crumble; reported by the New South Wales Treasurer. 14 May 2001 The reaction of Prime Minister on HIH crumbles. 14 May 2001 $35 million for homes- properties influenced by HIH crumble; reported by the Victoria minister of finance. 15 May 2001 The minister of financial service and regulation declared the prudential direction of general protection. 17 May 2001 Develop another nonprofit organisation called HIH Claims support private ltd.; reported by Minister of Financial service and regulation. 18 May 2001 Made HIH claim support private Ltd. For providing monetary help to the insurance holder of HIH. 21 May 2001 The minister of financial service and regulation help the insurance holder enduring money related problem because of HIH fall. The Government reported: The awful strategies or the terrible guaranteeing books of HIH gives other insurance agencies make control over them Chief minister and the premiers attempts an intensive survey of the state with the aim to present a single protection conspires, such as labourer's remuneration and developers' guarantee protection It was quick change (declared on November 2, 2000, by the Minister for Financial Services and Regulation, the Hon. Joe Hockey, MP) to the general protection industry to enhance capital ampleness. On May 2001, the Prime Minister, The Hon John Howard, the MP and the Minister for Financial Services and Regulation, The Hon. Joe Howard reported the Federal Government Response to the decline of HIH. The federal Government made Announcement which included: The Government chooses to grip a Royal Commission into all issues identifying with the HIH fall. At the date of composing, the terms of reference for the Royal Commission would not discharge. A bale worth more than $500 million to help all the individuals in hardship due to the crumple of HIH. This bundle supported by the Federal Government spending plan. On May 2001, minister of the Financial Services and Regulation, Joe Hockey, MP, offered the administrations for the recently made HIH Claims Support Private Ltd to the State and Territory Governments so they can process any monetary help they have for HIH insurance holders. On June 18, 2001, the PM declared the Terms of context for the HIH Royal Commission, The arrangement of Western Australian Supreme Court (Judged by Neville Owen), to report before the finish of June 2002. The Commission has to 'ask in the purposes behind, and the conditions are encompassing, the disappointment of HIH preceding, and the arrangement by the temporary outlets on March 15, 2001'. Inadequate Risk Management Risk administration assumes an essential part of the manipulation of the insurance agency. The fascia had set a venture advisory group to the value of danger of speculation issue prediction rules on cash and property dealings. Truth told, three noteworthy speculation disappointments said above gives proof, that the risk administration of HIH had not been moulded featured. Executives were careless as far as settling on technique for speculation choice and valuing the hazard in connection to venture. Does the investor have a claim? A Judge of Supreme Court New South Wales held that the financial specialists could in such conditions make a case under the arrangements of applicable statutes concerning deceiving or potentially misleading behaviour. The Court held that in such situations the guideline of "roundabout causation" is material and that financial specialists don't have to demonstrate that they straightforwardly depended on the deceptive direct of the organisation. It is the primary securities claim to utilise the wrong causation standard to grant harms to financial specialists. Unless toppled on offer, it affirms the approach on causation taken by offended parties and prosecution funders in securities class activities(Saville Forbes, 2016). Would the Scandal have happened if there have been more regulation? No, HIH protection outrage has not done if there has been more regulation. Fundamental purpose behind the HIH crumple is the unsupervised assignment of specialist, broad and complex reinsurance assertions, and underpricing, false report, foolhardy administration, in competency, misrepresentation, insatiability and self-managing. More control does not secure the outrage but rather a solid direction would shield the organisation from eventual fall. Good practice in a corporate administration was essential for the successful run of a group(MURPHY, 2001). Auditor ought to have improved judgments by the data they were given. The inward auditing team particularly has more prominent access to data inside the organisation, albeit inner examiners might be more inclined to subjectivity than the external auditor, the significance of freedom may have lost throughout the inspecting execution, yet ought to dependably be kept up. More control and checking ought to have happened inside the organisation, to monitor the activities of all partners(MURPHY, 2001) Conclusion On account of HIH, Corporate administration display "on paper" looks beautiful; their real routine with regards to corporate management is turned out to be defective. The lack of the business administration sharpener dependably infers the advance natural hazard of the company at the standard level and may prompt corporate abundances. The CEO had aimed to build its reasonably estimated worth, which is the reason it permitted exploitative bookkeeping practices to occur. The Accountants must work with respectability and duty, and they neglected to be straightforward in the money related reports they made. references: Anon., 2001. APRA. [Online] HIH insuration Available at: https://www.apra.gov.au/AboutAPRA/Pages/Default.aspx. Anon., 2016. APRA. [Online] APRA Available at: https://www.apra.gov.au/AboutAPRA/Pages/Default.aspx. Anon., 2017. wikipedia. [Online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIH_Insurance. Anon., 2017. wikipedia. [Online] HIH insurance Available at: hiips://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIH_Insurance. David , K., 2001. HIH Insurance Group Collapse. HIH Insurance Group Collapse, 29 Nov. Julie D, 2017. This is what happens when you have poor Governance!, 1 April. MURPHY, 2001. Adjournment. pdf. Australia: Parliament of Australia. Saville, M. Forbes, R., 2016. Australian Court Allows indirect caution for shareholder claims. Kings Wood Mallesons; Australian court allows indirect caution for shareholder claims., 26 April.

History and Development of Dance

Paradise Lost essays

Paradise Lost essays John Milton is considered to be one of the greatest Writers of all time. In the epic poem Paradise Lost, Milton divides the characters into two sides, one side under God representing good and glory, and the other side under Satan, in representation of all evil. First Milton introduces the reader to the character Satin and his allegiance of fallen angels that aided in his revolt against God. Later in the poem the all-powerful God is introduced to the reader, he is known as the leader and creator of mankind. This levy of good vs. evil carries on throughout the poem with the interaction of Satan and his fallen angels with God and his son of Heaven. The interaction between good and evil in the poem represents the decisions in life that we all have to make, and we see this through the actions of Satan and God. The common representation of sin and evil came from the lead character in the battle against God, Satan. His name means enemy of God, he was the former high angel form Heaven named Lucifer. Satan became jealous of God and Heaven, he formed an allegiance of angels to battle against God, only to be banned form Heaven and cast into Hell. Satan was the type of person that would rather reign in Hell than serve in Heaven. Much of Satans reliance on getting things accomplished came from his ability to lie and deceive. He had to hide his true identity in order to get people to follow and believe in him. Satan showed the reader a large amount of anger and destructiveness when he planned his revenge on God. Satan found pleasure in the pain and destruction of people among other things. It is clear the feelings and views of Satan represent evil and destruction. Milton introduced the reader to good and virtue by introducing God himself. God is the true symbol of all that is good in the world. God is the creator of mankind and was able to keep control with his mighty powers. God was sur ...

Weathering and Mass Movement Event Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Weathering and Mass Movement Event - Essay Example (Kawamura, 2008).. This is the downward movement of rocks and regolith on the earth’s surface due to gravitational force. Mass movements have significance to the process of erosion. It moves materials from the higher elevation to lower elevation. The type of mass movement showed was slope failures; This is a type of slide whereby there is a downward rotation of regolith and rocks along the concave upward surfaces. The upper part of the block remains undistributed. The moved slump leave scars on the hill slope. It is caused by heavy rain and earthquakes. On rocky slope it is caused by chemical compositing of the rocks as seen in picture A (Kawamura, 2008). Rock slides result when rocks fall down a pre-existing surface such as foliation surface, or joint surface. Frequently the spaced fractures in rock are caused due to expansion that occurs during cooling and of the rock mass. It occurs when a rock falls down slope. The debris is similar except that they contain regolith, and rocks. The effect of this collision is that the rocks break more in size and deposit down hill; talus. Single and mass rock are forms of rock fall. Some of the rural areas show relatively week slope stability and are more susceptible to landslides because of the nature of the area’s soils, landslides are also triggered with other natural hazards such as heavy rains, floods, earthquakes and wildfires, landslide also destroy property and infrastructure and mass movement occur slowly or it takes time: warning time. Due to the above reasons people have resulted to move to urban areas that are free and

What importance do equality and inequality have in the political Essay

What importance do equality and inequality have in the political theories of any two of the political theorists - Locke and Rousseau - Essay Example ncepts of both the theorists Locke and Rousseau and try to have a better understanding of these important concepts and how to incorporate them into society to ensure a better standard of life. According to Locke, in order to understand political power in the right sense of the word, we should first of all attempt to understand man within a natural setting. In such a natural state or condition, man possesses total freedom or liberty to act as he thinks fit. In so doing, a sense of equality is achieved because in his natural setting, all belong to the same species and everyone’s actions are mutual and reciprocal. In such a setting, no one has more power over another, since all men have the same rank and the same advantages without fear of ‘subordination or subjection.’ (Locke, 8) However, Locke draws our attention to an important point that deals with man in his natural settings. He sheds light on the liberty of man by explaining to us that even though man has full liberty to disburse his actions or possessions in any way he deems fit, yet he does not have the liberty to destroy himself. He brings to our notice, that there is a law of nature that governs the state of nature and it is this law of nature that teaches man to reason and makes him responsible for his actions even though he has the liberty to act at his will. Locke, highlights the fact that though mankind are all equal and independent, yet, no one has the right to harm himself, nor his fellow beings life, possessions, his health nor his liberty in any way because everyone was created for the use of the other. (Locke, 9) However, if a person goes against the law of nature, then a person has the right to secure the law of nature by punishing the offender and bringing peace and harmony to the communi ty of mankind. (Locke, 10) In chapter III, Locke speaks in sharp contrast about the State of War, as against the State of Nature. He rightly explains that the state of war only leads to enmity and

Direct-sequence spread spectrum

Direct-sequence spread spectrum Direct-sequence spread spectrum Direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) is a modulation technique used in telecommunications. In this modulation technique, as with other spread spectrum technologies, more bandwidth is occupied by the transmitted signal than the information signal that is being modulated. In Spread spectrum modulation technique the carrier signals occur over the full bandwidth (spectrum) of a devices transmitting frequency and that is where the name Spread Features of Direct-sequence spread spectrum Ø In DSSS a sine wave is pseudo randomly phase-modulated with a continuous string of pseudo noise (PN) code symbols called chips. Each of these chips has a much shorter duration than an information bit. In effect information signal is modulated by chips sequence which is much faster. Therefore, the chip rate is much higher than information signal bit rate. Ø In DSSS the chip sequences produced by the transmitter to modulate the signal is known at receiver end and receiver uses the same chip sequences to demodulate. As same sequence chips are used at transmitter and receiver, both have to be in sync with respect to chip sequence. Transmission method of Direct-sequence spread spectrum In Direct-sequence spread-spectrum transmissions the data being transmitted is multiplied by a noise signal. The noise signal used is a pseudorandom sequence of 1 and −1 values. Also the frequency of noise signal is much higher than that of the information signal. In effect we can say that the energy of original data is spread to a much higher bandwidth than the bandwidth of information signal. We can say that the resulting signal will look like white noise, like an audio recording of static. But this noise signal will be used to reconstruct the original data at the receiver end where it will be multiplied with pseudorandom sequence of 1 and −1 values which is exactly the same sequence which was used to modulate the data signal. As 1 Ãâ€" 1 = 1, and −1 Ãâ€" −1 = 1 so multiplying two times the data signal with pseudo random sequence will restore the original signal. The process of multiplying the signal at receiving end with same chip sequence used at transmitter end is known as de-spreading. In De-spreading a mathematical correlation of the transmitted PN sequence with the PN sequence at receiver is constituted. As it would have been clear by now that to reconstruct data at receiver end, transmit and receive sequences must be synchronized. It is done via some timing search process. This requirement of synchronization of transmitter and receiver can be considered as drawback. But this drawback gives a significant benefit also. If we synchronize sequences of various transmitters, the relative synchronization which we will do for receiver can be used to determine relative timing. This relative timing can be used to determine receivers position if transmitters position is known. This is used in many satellite navigation systems. Process gain is effect of enhancing signal to noise ratio on the channel. The process gain can be increased by using a longer PN sequence and more chips per bit. But there is a constraint here that physical devices which are used to generate the PN sequence have practical limits on attainable processing gain. If a transmitter transmits a signal with a PN sequence the de-spreading process give a process gain if we demodulate it with same PN sequence. It does not provide any process gain for the signals transmitted by other transmitters on the same channel but with a different PN sequence or no sequence. This is the basis of for the code division multiple access (CDMA) property of Direct-sequence spread spectrum. This property allows multiple transmitters to share the same channel. But this is limited by cross-correlation properties of PN sequences. We can consider the transmitted signal will be roughly a bell shaped enveloped centered on the carrier frequency (same as in AM transmission) but the noise which we add causes the distribution to be wider. As this description suggests, a plot of the transmitted waveform has a roughly bell-shaped envelope centered on the carrier frequency, just like a normal AM transmission, except that the added noise causes the distribution to be much wider than that of an AM transmission. If we compare frequency-hopping spread spectrum with Direct-sequence spread spectrum then we will find that frequency-hopping spread spectrum pseudo-randomly re-tunes the carrier, instead of adding pseudo-random noise to the data. This retuning of carrier results in a uniform frequency distribution whose width will be determined by the output range of the pseudo-random number generator. Benefits of Direct-sequence spread spectrum Jamming resistance for intended or unintended jamming. A single channel is shared among multiple users. Interception is hampered due to reduced signal/background-noise level. Relative timing between transmitter and receiver is determined. Uses of Direct-sequence spread spectrum Used by European Galileo satellite navigation systems and The United States GPS systems DS-CDMA (Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access) is a multiple access scheme based on Direct-sequence spread spectrum, by spreading the signals from/to different users with different codes. It is the most widely used type of CDMA. Used in Cordless phones operating in the 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands Used in IEEE 802.11b 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi, and its predecessor 802.11-1999. (Their successor 802.11g uses OFDM instead) Used in Automatic meter reading Used in IEEE 802.15.4 (PHY and MAC layer for ZigBee)

Mango Juice Marketting

A PROJECT REPORT ON â€Å"MARKET STUDY OF MANGO JUICE† IN â€Å"HINDUSTHAN COCA COLA BEVERAGES PVT. LTD† PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE OSMANIA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF â€Å"MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION† D E C L A R A T I O N I XXX student of Master of Business Management, XXX College, here by that the project report entitled â€Å"MARKET STUDY OF MANGO JUICE† Has been carried out at â€Å"Hindusthan Coca Cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd† submitted in partial fulfillment for the â€Å"Master’s Degree in Business Administration† in the result of my own work and is original.I have not submitted this project to any other university or college for the award of any other degree or Diploma. XXXX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I express my sense of profound gratitude to the Management of â€Å"Hindustan Coca cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd†, Ameenpur. For giving me this opportunity to conduct a study on Training and De velopment in their esteemed organization. My sincere thanks to XXXX (Human resource Manager), Hindustan coca cola bevarege Pvt. Ltd, Ameenpur. For permitting me to pursue this project. I would like to express my gratitude to XXXX (Sales Manager), Hindustan Coca cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd, Ameenpur.For providing his valuable time, suggestions and support for completing my project work successfully. I am extremely grateful to XXXX, Hindustan Coca cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd, Ameenpur. For his support during the preparation of the project report. His patience and invaluable guidance have proved to be very precious without which project would not be completed. I am thankful to our Principal XXXX. and also convey my thanks to our faculty members for their support. Lastly, I am indebted to the friends and will-wishers who have extended their support to me during the project. XXXX INDEX PAGE NO: CHAPTER-1 ? INTRODUCTION6-7 INDUSTRY PROFILE IN INDIA9-10 CHAPTER-2 ? NEED FOR THE STUDY12-13 ? SCOPE FOR THE STUDY15-17 ? OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY19 ? RESEARCH METHODOLOGY21-24 ? LIMITATION OF THE STUDY26 CHAPTER-3 ? COMPANY PROFILE28-60 CHAPTER-4 ? DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION63-73 CHAPTER-5 ? SUGGESTION75 ? CONCLUSION77 ? FINDINGS79 ? QUESTIONNAIRE 81-83 ? BIBLOGRAPHY85 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Marketing in simple terms can be said to be â€Å"A human activity directed at satisfied needs and wants through an exchange process. † Marketing as a functional area of management is becoming extremely important as compared to other fields.All decisions in modern business organization revolve around information related with marketing decision making situations, which are characterized by Distribution Strategy, Channel members and Product decisions. The Product Decisions, customers assess a product’s value by looking at many factors including those that surround the product. In a constantly changing business and market scenario, maintaining the channel members becomes more challenging in such a situation only innovative technology, good product and committed people, accompany can take the lead over its competitors.Coca-cola ltd has differentiated itself from its competitors and providing the total â€Å"value for money† to its customers. Coca-cola ltd has integrated all the features to offer a value for its products. Value for the product and services refers to the quality of product and services offered to the customers. Several surrounding features can be directly influenced by channel members, such as customer service, delivery, and availability. Consequently, a channel partner involves a value analysis in the same way customers make purchase decisions.This area becomes the most important from the company as well as customer point of view. This helps the company to know better their customers and provide them with what they are expecting. Market: The set of all actual and potential buyers of a product or service. Marketing: A social and man agerial process whereby individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with others. Marketing Management: The art and science of choosing target markets and building profitable relationships with them. Customer Satisfaction:The extent to which a product’s performance matches a buyer’s expectations. Marketing Mix: The set of controllable tactical marketing tools – product, price, place, and promotion – that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market. Developing the marketing Mix: Once the company have decided on its overall competitive marketing strategy, it is ready to begin planning the details of the marketing mix, one of the major concepts in modern marketing. The marketing mix is the set of controllable, tactical marketing tools that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market.INDUSTRY PROFILE INDUSTRY PROFILE IN INDIA OUR COUNTRY WITH APOPUL ATION OF 100 crores as on 2001. Is potentially one of the largest consumer market in the world the soft drinks market is the one among the various markets in India . Soft drinks is product, which the consumer purchases to quench his thirst, the secondary factor such as taste, hygienic conditions of storage and social status influenced the consumers purchasing decision. Soft Drink scenario in India: The soft drinks market till early 1990`s was in hands of domestic players like Campa Thums up limca etc . ut with opening up of economy and the entry of MNC players Pepsi and coca -cola, the market as come totally under their control while world wide coca cola is the leader in carbonated drinks market, in India it is Pepsi which scored over coca cola . Coca cola, which had winded up its Indian operations during the introduction of FERA regime, reentered in India 16 years later in 1993. Coca cola acquired a major chunk of the soft drink market by buying out local brands Thumps Up. Limca an d Gold Spot from Parle Beverages. Pepsi, although started a couple of years efore Coca cola in 1991, has a lower market share today. It has bought over Mumbai based Dukes range of soft drinks brands . Pepsi has been targeting it’s products towards youth and it has stuck right chord with the sales have been doing well by sticking to the is youth brand wagon Soft drinks are available in glass bottles, aluminum cans and pet bottles for home consumption. Fountains also dispense them in disposable containers. While 80% of the consumption is impulse based outside home 20% comes from consumption at home. This trend is slowly changing with increase in occasion led sales.The market is slowly moving from Non-Alcoholic Carbonated drinks to fruit based drinks and also to plain bottles water due to lower cost and ready availability. Per Capital consumption in India is among lowest in the world at 7 bottles per annum compared to 15 bottles in Pakistan, 89 in china and 1500 bottles in USA. Market has highest per capita consumption in the country with 50 bottles per annum compared to 5 bottles for the country. While 75% of the PET bottle consumption is in urban areas and the 200 ml bottles sales are higher in rural areas.According to the NCAER survey, lower lower middle and upper middle class people do 90% of the total consumption of soft drinks in the country. Soft drinks market size of FY05 was around 320 million cases (7680million bottles). The market, which was witnessing 5% to 6% growth in the early 1990`s and even slower growth at around 2-3% in late80`s. presently the market growth rate is around 7-8% per annum. The market preference is highly regional based. While the cola drinks have main markets in metro cities and Northern states of UP, Punjab, Haryana, etc. orange flavored drinks are popular in southern states.Sodas are also sold largely in southern sates, besides sales through bars. Western markets have preference towards mango-flavored drinks; diet coca c ola constituted just 0. 7% of the total carbonated beverage market. Another particular feature of the market is that of positioning and targeting of various brands. While cola based brand of coca cola is targeted at teenagers and is positioned as refreshment for mind and body . its Thums Up brand is targeted at people in age group of 20-29yrars, positioned as thing for adventure-loving successful and macho person NEED FOR THE STUDY NEED FOR STUDYAs retailer, each of has a vast number of perceptions toward products, toward services, toward company or industry, etc. It is difficult to imagine in any research project that does not include the measurement of some aspects of retailer’s s perceptions. The size of the market is vast and constantly expanding, thus resulting in a vast number of competitors entering the market. Billions of dollars were being spent on goods and services by tens of millions of people. The growth of the retailer’s movements created urgent need to u nderstand how competitors form strategies and capture the market share and take strategic decisions.For example, in order to discover how retailers respond to the promotional offer, advertisement and distribution or service. (E. g. promotional appeals, package labels, warranties, discounts, etc. ). The study of retailer’s perception and market share would provide the company with necessary insights to develop the product, its pricing strategy, and to design persuasive promotional strategy, distribution system and develop defensive strategies and elimination strategies to remove the competitor’s product from the market or some promotional strategies to increase the market share of particular products and brands.It would also support the organization to analyze its drawbacks in its various strategies and to take corrective action to remain as market leaders. The study will also reveal the different aspects of retailer’s perception regarding price, quality, range, availability, and advertisements of the products. The need for the study is very essential as the competition in the soft drink and water segment is ever increasing. Competitors are mainly struggling to shutdown the market by capturing its market share. The competitors are coming up with sales promotion and incentives to compete with this Maaza.SCOPE FOR THE STUDY SCOPE FOR STUDY The scope of the study is limited. The study is a very minor contribution to the company as it is only restricted to the twin cities (Borabanda and Kodapur). The study would only be a drop in the ocean, Can help the distribution in this area. The study can be conducted on a national basic too with a large sample size and interviewing many numbers of respondents. OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS: Retailer: Retailer is a person or business who sells products to the public. Brand: Brand refers to the identification of the product given by the manufacturer. Brand Loyalty:Brand loyalty refers to the continuous and repeat ed purchase of a particular brand without any wavering purchase pattern. Respondent: Respondent is a person who is being interviewed for the purpose of conducting the study. Market share: The amount that a company sells of its products or services compared with other companies selling the same things Promotional Activities: Promotional activities include advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, and publicity, which have their own characteristics and cost but have common objectives of achieving high sales by creating awareness.Incentives: Offer of an article at frees of cost or less price of the market can be termed as incentives. Interviewee: A person who is answerable to the interviewer of the proposed questions. Interviewer: A person who carries on investigation for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the project. Sample: The selection of set of people from the total population for the purchase of carrying on the investigation. Survey: It refers to the questionnaire administered to the subject who is identified from the population with the help of probability or non-probability sampling.Questionnaire: It refers to the set of questions that are framed to be answered by the respondents for the purpose of achieving the research objectives. In questionnaires there are two types structured and unstructured. There are four types of questions in a questionnaire on open ended questions, closed ended questions, disguised and interrogative questions. Brand awareness: Knowing brand; knowing that particular brand exists and is important; being interested in particular brand: brand awareness refers to the consumer awareness of the particular brand. Brand Name:The name given to a product by the company that produces it. brand name is nothing but the name and value of the brand. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY ? To know the retailers perception on maaza tetra pack. ? To know the brand image among fruit drinks. ? To know the retailers satisfactio n levels towards maaza. ? To study the customer preferences and choice in various juice brands ? To identify the problems of distribution ? To analyze the sales of competitors products in various outlets ? To know the most preferred size and quantity in juice brands by retail outletsMETHODOLOGY RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design: Once the problem is identified, the next step is the research design. Research design is the basic framework of rest of the study. A research design specifies the methods and procedures for conducting particular study. In this project we are following descriptive research design. Source of Data: There are two types of data: 1. Primary data 2. Secondary data Primary Data: The primary data is fresh information collected for a specified study. The primary data can be gathered by observational, experimentation and survey method.Here the entire scheme of plan starts with the definition of various terms used, units to be employed, type of enquiry to be conducte d, extent of accuracy aimed etc. , The methods commonly used for the collection of primary data are: 1. Direct personal investigation, where the data is collected by the investigator from the sources concerned. 2. Indirect oral interviews, where the interview is conducted directly or indirectly concerned with subject matter of the enquiry. 3. Information received through local agencies, which are appointed by the investigator. 4.Mailed questionnaire method, here the method consists in preparing a questionnaire (a list of questions relating to the field of enquiry and providing space for the answers to be filled by the respondents. ), which is mailed to the respondents with a request for quick response with in the specified time. In this project mailed questionnaire method is used to collect the primary data. Secondary Data: The secondary data refers to data, which already exists. The secondary data collect from internal records, business magazines, company websites and Newspapers. R esearch instruments:For the collection of primary data a structured questionnaire was prepared covering various aspects of the study. The questionnaire contains closed-ended and dichotomous questions. Sampling Procedure: It is a procedure required from defining a population to the actual selection of the sample. Introduction: The precision and accuracy of the survey results are affected by the manner in which the sample has been chosen. Sample: A part of a population, which is provided by some process on other, usually by deliberated selection with the object of investigating the properties of the parent population set.Non probability sampling method is in deterministic method where the sample size in numerous and can’t be determined. So for our convenience we take convenience-sampling method where all the population in sample is given equal opportunity. Sampling Method: – Convenience sampling method. Statistical Tools Used: Weighted Arithmetic Mean. Weighted Arithmeti c Mean is based on the assumption that all the items in the distribution are of equal importance. Here the weights are attached to each item being proportional to the importance of the item in the distribution.Let W1, W2, W3, Wn be the weights attached to variable values X1,X2,X3†¦, Xn respectively then weighted arithmetic means X is given by ? WX/? W where W1, W2†¦ Wn are the respective weights of X1, X2, Xn. 1. Population: Retailers in Borabanda and kondapur. 2. Source of data: The two important sources of data are the primary data and secondary data. The primary data is collected through survey method with the help of questionnaire and personal interview. The secondary data is been collected from consumer attitude books. 3. The information is collected through survey done in Borabanda and kondapur 4.Sample unit: The sample unit consists of retailers in Borabanda and kondapur 5. Sample size: The sample size is 120 respondents. 6. The sample taken for the study caters to upper class and middle class of the society. 7. Sample method: the sample method used is non-probability. In non-probability sampling the chance of any particulars unit in the population being selected unknown. a. Procedure: the procedure used for sampling is convenient sampling in this method the sample unit is chosen primarily on the basics of the convenience to the investigator. 8.The survey consists of structured questionnaire. 9. The questionnaire consists of both open and closed-ended questions LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY LIMITATIONS †¢ The study was confined to limited consumers only †¢ The duration of the study was restricted for 8 weeks only, which is not sufficient to study the entire consumers in the market. †¢ The analysis can not be straight away used in decision making, as simple is very small when compared to the total consumers in the market. †¢ The present study deals with coca-cola-brand. COMPANY PROFILE COCA-COLA PROFILEThe company actually produc es concentrate for Marco, which is then sold to various Coca-Cola bottlers throughout the world. The bottlers, who hold territorially-exclusive contracts with the company, produce finished product in cans and bottles from the concentrate in combination with filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell, distribute and merchandise Coca-Cola in cans and bottles to retail stores and vending machines. Such bottlers include Coca-Cola Enterprises, which is the single largest Coca-Cola bottler in North America and Europe.The Coca-Cola Company also sells concentrate for fountain sales to major restaurants and food service distributors. The Coca-Cola Company has, on occasion, introduced other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most famous of these is Diet Coke, which has become a major diet cola but others exist, including Caffeine free Coke, Cherry Coke, Coke Zero, Vanilla Coke and limited editions with lemon and with lime, and even with coffee. The Coca-Cola Company owns an d markets other soft drinks that do not carry the Coca-Cola branding, such as Sprite, Fanta, and others. The Las Vegas World of Coca-Cola museum in 2000The first recipe Coca-Cola was invented in Atlanta, Georgia, by John S. Pemberton, originally as a coca wine called Pemberton's French Wine Coca in 1885. [1][2] He may have been inspired by the formidable success of European Angelo Mariani's coca wine, Vin Mariani. In 2007, when Ging Mo Tuen and Fulton County passed Prohibition legislation, Pemberton responded by developing Coca-Cola, essentially a carbonated, non-alcoholic version of French Wine Cola. [3] The beverage was named Coca-Cola because, originally, the stimulant mixed in the beverage was coca leaves from South America.In addition, the drink was flavored using kola (Cola) nuts, the beverage's source of caffeine. [4] Pemberton called for five ounces of coca leaf per gallon of syrup, a significant dose, whereas, in 1891, Candler claimed his formula (altered extensively from P emberton's original) contained only a tenth of this amount. Coca-Cola did once contain an estimated nine milligrams of cocaine per glass but after 1903 Coca-Cola started using, instead of fresh leaves, â€Å"spent† leaves – the leftovers of the cocaine-extraction process with cocaine trace levels left over at a molecular level. 5][6] However, as cocaine is one of numerous alkaloids present in the coca leaf, it was nevertheless present in the drink. Today, the flavoring is still done with kola nuts and the â€Å"spent† coca leaf. In the United States, there is only one plant (in New Jersey) authorized by the Federal Government to grow the coca plant for Coca-Cola syrup manufacture. [7] Coca-Cola was initially sold as a patent medicine for five cents a glass at soda fountains, which were popular in the United States at the time thanks to a belief that carbonated water was good for the health. 8] Pemberton claimed Coca-Cola cured a myriad of diseases, including mor phine addiction, dyspepsia, neurasthenia, headache, and impotence. The first sales were made at Jacob's Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886, and for the first eight months only nine drinks were sold each day. Pemberton ran the first advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal. By 1888, three versions of Coca-Cola — sold by three separate businesses — were on the market. Asa Griggs Candler acquired a stake in Pemberton's company in 1887 and incorporated it as the Coca Cola Company in 1888.The same year, while suffering from an ongoing addiction to morphine, Pemberton sold the rights a second time to four more businessmen: J. C. Mayfield, A. O. Murphy, C. O. Mullahy and E. H. Bloodworth. Meanwhile, Pemberton's alcoholic son Charley Pemberton began selling his own version of the product. In an attempt to clarify the situation, John Pemberton declared that the name Coca-Cola belonged to Charley, but the other two manufacturers could continue to use the formula. So, in the summer of 1888, Candler sold his beverage under the names Yum Yum and Koke.After both failed to catch on, Candler set out to establish a legal claim to Coca-Cola in late 1888, in order to force his two competitors out of the business. Candler purchased exclusive rights to the formula from John Pemberton, Margaret Dozier and Woolfolk Walker. However, in 1914, Dozier came forward to claim her signature on the bill of sale had been forged, and subsequent analysis has indicated John Pemberton's signature was most likely a forgery as well. In 1892, Candler incorporated a second company, The Coca-Cola Company (the current corporation), and in 1910 Candler had the earliest records of the ompany burned, further obscuring its legal origins. Regardless, Candler began marketing the product — the efficiency of this concerted advertising campaign would not be realized until much later. By the time of its 50th anniversary, the drink had reached the status of a national icon for the USA. In 1935 it was certified kosher by Rabbi Tobias Geffen, after the company made minor changes in the sourcing of some ingredients. Coca-Cola was sold in bottles for the first time on March 12, 1894, and cans of Coke first appeared in 1955. 14] The first bottling of Coca-Cola occurred in Vicksburg, Mississippi, at the Biedenharn Candy Company in 1891. Its proprietor was Joseph A. Biedenharn. The original bottles were Biedenharn bottles, very different from the much later hobble-skirt design that is now so familiar. Asa Candler was tentative about bottling the drink, but the two entrepreneurs who proposed the idea were so persuasive that Candler signed a contract giving them control of the procedure. However, the loosely termed contract proved to be problematic for the company for decades to come.Legal matters were not helped by the decision of the bottlers to subcontract to other companies — in effect, becoming parent bottlers. [pic] New Coke stirred up a controversy when it replaced the original Coca-Cola in 1985. Coca-Cola Classic was reinstated within a few months of New Coke's introduction into the market. In 1985, Coca-Cola, amid much publicity, attempted to change the formula of the drink. Some authorities believe that New Coke, as the reformulated drink was called, was invented specifically to respond to its commercial competitor, Pepsi.Double-blind taste tests indicated that most consumers preferred the taste of Pepsi (which had more lemon oil, less orange oil, and used vanillin rather than vanilla) to Coke. In taste tests, drinkers were more likely to respond positively to sweeter drinks, and Pepsi had the advantage over Coke because it was much sweeter. Coca-Cola tinkered with the formula and created â€Å"New Coke†. Follow-up taste tests revealed that most consumers preferred the taste of New Coke to both Coke and Pepsi. The reformulation was led by the then-CEO of the company, Roberto Goizueta , and the president Don Keough.It is unclear what part long-time company president Robert W. Woodruff played in the reformulation. Goizueta claimed that Woodruff endorsed it a few months before his death in 1985; others have pointed out that, as the two men were alone when the matter was discussed, Goizueta might have misinterpreted the wishes of the dying Woodruff, who could speak only in monosyllables. It has also been alleged that Woodruff might not have been able to understand what Goizueta was telling him. [Citation needed] The commercial failure of New Coke therefore came as a grievous blow to the management of the Coca-Cola Company.It is possible that customers would not have noticed the change if it had been made secretly or gradually and thus brand loyalty could have been maintained. Coca-Cola management was unprepared, however, for the nostalgic sentiments the drink aroused in the American public; some compared changing the Coke formula to rewriting the American Constituti on. The Coca-Cola Company is the world's largest consumer of natural vanilla extract. When New Coke was introduced in 1985, this had a severe impact on the economy of Madagascar, a prime vanilla exporter, since New Coke used vanillin, a less-expensive synthetic substitute.Purchases of vanilla more than halved during this period. But the flop of New Coke brought a recovery. Meanwhile, the market share for New Coke had dwindled to only 3% by 1986. The company renamed the product â€Å"Coke II† in 1992 (not to be confused with â€Å"Coke C2†, a reduced-sugar cola launched by Coca-Cola in 2004). However, sales falloff caused a severe cutback in distribution. By 1998, it was sold in only a few places in the Midwestern U. S. Main article: Coca-Cola formula: The exact formula of Coca-Cola is a famous trade secret.The original copy of the formula is held in SunTrust Bank's main vault in Atlanta. Its predecessor, the Trust Company, was the underwriter for the Coca-Cola Company' s initial public offering in 1919. A popular myth states that only two executives have access to the formula, with each executive having only half the formula. The truth is that while Coca-Cola does have a rule restricting access to only two executives, each knows the entire formula and others, in addition to the prescribed duo, have known the formulation process. Franchised Production Model:The actual production and distribution of Coca-Cola follows a franchising model. The Coca-Cola Company only produces a syrup concentrate, which it sells to various bottlers throughout the world who hold Coca-Cola franchises for one or more geographical areas. The bottlers produce the final drink by mixing the syrup with filtered water and sugar (or artificial sweeteners) and fill it into cans and bottles, which the bottlers then sell and distribute to retail stores, vending machines, restaurants and food service distributors. [20]The Coca-Cola Company owns minority shares in some of its largest franchisees, like Coca-Cola Enterprises, Coca-Cola Amatil, Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company (CCHBC) and Coca-Cola FEMSA, but fully independent bottlers produce almost half of the volume sold in the world. Since independent bottlers add sugar and sweeteners, the sweetness of the drink differs in various parts of the world, to cater for local tastes. Bottle and logo design [pic][pic] The first version of the famous bottle went into production in 1916. The famous Coca-Cola logotype was created by John Pemberton's bookkeeper, Frank Mason Robinson, in 1885.It was Robinson who came up with the name, and he also chose the logo’s distinctive cursive script. The typeface used, known as Spencerian script, was developed in the mid 19th century and was the dominant form of formal handwriting in the United States during that period. The equally famous Coca-Cola bottle, called the â€Å"contour bottle† within the company, but known to some as the â€Å"hobble skirt† bottle , was created in 1915 by a Swedish former glassblower, Alexander Samuelson, who had emigrated to the U. S. in the 1880s and was employed as a anager at The Root Glass Company in Terre Haute, Indiana, one of Coca-Cola's bottle suppliers. According to the Coca-Cola Company, Samuelson took time to ponder a possible new design for the bottle after production at his plant was shut down due to a heat wave. Inspired, he considered the possibility of basing a new design on the kola nut or coca leaf, two of the drink's flagship ingredients. He sent an employee to research the shape of the two objects in question, but a misunderstanding led to the man returning with sketches of the cacao pod—a crucial ingredient in chocolate, but not Coca-Cola.According to the company, it was this mistaken design that was accepted and put into production. Although endorsed by the company, this version of events is not considered authoritative by many who cite its implausibility as difficult to believe. One alternative depiction has Raymond Loewy as the inventor of the unique design, but although Loewy did serve as a designer of Coke cans and bottles in later years, he was in the French Army in the year the bottle was invented and did not migrate Local Competitors:Pepsi is often second to Coke in terms of sales, but outsells Coca-Cola in some localities. Around the world, some local brands do compete with Coke. In South and Central America, Kola Real, known as Big Cola in Mexico, is a fast growing competitor to Coca-Cola. On the French island of Corsica, Corsica Cola, made by brewers of the local Pietra beer, is a growing competitor to Coca-Cola. In the French region of Bretagne, Breizh Cola is available. In Peru, Inca Kola outsells Coca-Cola. However, The Coca-Cola Company purchased the brand in 1999.In Sweden, Julmust outsells Coca-Cola during the Christmas season. In Scotland, the locally-produced Irn-Bru was more popular than Coca-Cola until 2005, when Coca-Cola and Diet Coke began to outpace its sales. In India, Coca-Cola ranks third behind the leader, Pepsi-Cola, and local drink Thumps Up. However, The Coca-Cola Company purchased Thumps Up in 1993. Tropical, a domestic drink is served in Cuba instead of Coca-Cola, in which there exists a United States embargo. Mecca Cola, in the Middle East, is a competitor to Coca-Cola.In Turkey, Cola Turka is a major competitor to Coca-Cola. In Iran and also many countries of Middle East, Zam Zam Cola and Parsi Cola are major competitors to Coca-Cola. In some parts of China, Future cola or can be bought. In Slovenia, the locally-produced Cocktail is a major competitor to Coca-Cola, as is the inexpensive Mercator Cola, which is sold only in the country's biggest supermarket chain, Mercator. Finally, in Madagascar, Classiko Cola made by Tiko Group the largest manufactured company in the country is a serious competitor to Coca-Cola in many regions. Advertising:Coca-Cola's advertising has had a significant impact on Amer ican culture, and is frequently credited with the â€Å"invention† of the modern image of Santa Claus as an old man in red-and-white garments; however, while the company did in fact start promoting this image in the 1930s in its winter advertising campaigns, it was already common before that. In fact, Coca-Cola was not even the first soft drink company to utilize the modern image Santa Claus in its advertising – White Rock Beverages used Santa in advertisements for its ginger ale in 1923 after first using him to sell mineral water in 1915.In the 1970s, a song from a Coca-Cola commercial called â€Å"I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing†, produced by Billy Davis, became a popular hit single. Coca-Cola has a policy of avoiding using children younger than the age of 12 in any of its advertising. This decision was made as a result of a lawsuit from the beginning of the 20th century that alleged that Coke's caffeine content was dangerous to children. However, in recen t times, this has not stopped the company from targeting young consumers. In addition, it has not been disclosed in exact terms how safe Coke is for consumption by young children (or pregnant mothers).Coke's advertising has been rather pervasive, as one of Woodruff's stated goals was to ensure that everyone on Earth drank Coca-Cola as their preferred beverage. Advertising for Coke is now almost ubiquitous, especially in southern areas of North America, such as Atlanta, where Coke was born. Some of the memorable Coca-Cola television commercials between 1960 through 1986 were written and produced by former Atlanta radio veteran Don Naylor (WGST 1936-1950, WAGA 1951-1959) during his career as a producer for the McCann Erickson advertising agency.Many of these early television commercials for Coca-Cola featured movie stars, sports heroes, and popular singers of the day. During the 1980s, Pepsi-Cola ran a series of television advertisements showing people participating in taste tests ess entially demonstrating that: â€Å"Fifty percent of the participants who said they preferred Coke actually chose the Pepsi†. Statisticians were quick to point out the problematic nature of a 50/50 result; that most likely all this really showed was that in blind tests, most people simply cannot tell the difference between Pepsi and Coke.Coca-Cola ran ads to combat Pepsi's ads in an incident sometimes referred to as the cola wars; one of Coke's ads compared the so-called Pepsi challenge to two chimpanzees deciding which tennis ball was furrier. Thereafter, Coca-Cola regained its leadership in the market. Selena was a spokesperson for Coca-Cola from 1989 till the time of her death. She filmed three commercials for the company. In 1994 to commemorate her 5 years with the company, Coca-Cola issued special Selena coke bottles. In an attempt to broaden its portfolio, Coca-Cola purchased Columbia Pictures in 1982.Columbia provided subtle publicity through Coke product placements in many of its films while under Coke's ownership. However, after a few early successes, Columbia began to under-perform, and was dropped by the company in 1989. Coca-Cola has gone through a number of different advertising slogans in its long history, including â€Å"The pause that refreshes†, â€Å"I'd like to buy the world a Coke†, and â€Å"Coke is it† (see Coca-Cola slogans). Sponsorship of Sporting Events: Coca-Cola was the first-ever sponsor of the Olympic games, at the 1928 games in Amsterdam and has been an Olympics sponsor ever since.This corporate sponsorship included the 1996 Summer Olympics hosted in Atlanta, which allowed Coca-Cola to spotlight its hometown. Since 1978 Coca-Cola has sponsored each FIFA World Cup and other competitions organized by FIFA. In fact, one of the FIFA tournament trophy: FIFA World Youth Championship from Tunisia in 1977 to Malaysia in 1997 was called â€Å"FIFA – Coca Cola Cup†. In addition, Coca-Cola sponsors t he annual Coca-Cola 600 for the NASCAR Nextel Cup auto racing series at Lowe's Motor Speedway in Charlotte, North Carolina.Coca-Cola has a long history of sports marketing relationships, which over the years have included Major League Baseball, the National Football League, Criticisms Main article: Criticism of Coca-Cola: The Coca-Cola Company has been criticized for the alleged adverse health effects of its flagship product. However, a common criticism of Coke based on its allegedly toxic acidity levels has been found to be baseless by most researchers; lawsuits based on these criticisms have been dismissed by several American courts for this reason.Most nutritionists advise that Coca-Cola and other soft drinks can be harmful if consumed excessively, particularly to young children whose soft drink consumption competes with, rather than complements, a balanced diet. Studies have shown that regular soft drink users have a lower intake of calcium (which can contribute to osteoporosis) , magnesium, ascorbic acid, riboflavin, and vitamin A. The drink has also aroused criticism for its use of caffeine, an addictive substance which does not affect the products' taste.Although numerous court cases have been filed against The Coca-Cola Company since the 1920s, alleging that the acidity of the drink is dangerous, no evidence corroborating this claim has been found. Under normal conditions, scientific evidence indicates Coca-Cola's acidity causes no immediate harm. Like most other colas, Coca-Cola contains phosphoric acid. One study has shown that this hastens bone loss, contributing to illnesses such as osteoporosis. There is also some concern regarding the usage of high fructose corn syrup in the production of Coca-Cola.Since 1985 in the U. S. , Coke has been made with high fructose corn syrup, instead of sugar glucose or fructose, to reduce costs. This has come under criticism because of concerns that the corn used to produce corn syrup may come from genetically alter ed plants. Some nutritionists also caution against consumption of high fructose corn syrup because of possible links to obesity and diabetes. In India, there exists a major controversy concerning pesticides and other harmful chemicals in bottled products including Coca-Cola.In 2003, the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), a non-governmental organization in New Delhi, said aerated waters produced by soft drinks manufacturers in India, including multinational giants PepsiCo and Coca-Cola, contained toxins including lindane, DDT, malathion and chlorpyrifos — pesticides that can contribute to cancer and a breakdown of the immune system. Tested products included Coke, Pepsi, and several other soft drinks, many produced by The Coca-Cola Company.CSE found that the Indian produced Pepsi's soft drink products had 36 times the level of pesticide residues permitted under European Union regulations; Coca-Cola's soft drink was found to have 30 times the permitted amount. CSE said it had tested the same products sold in the US and found no such residues. After the pesticide allegations were made in 2003, Coca-Cola sales declined by 15%. In 2004, an Indian parliamentary committee backed up CSE's findings, and a government-appointed committee was tasked with developing the world's first pesticide standards for soft drinks.The Coca-Cola Company has responded that its plants filter water to remove potential contaminants and that its products are tested for pesticides and must meet minimum health standards before they are distributed. In the Indian state of Kerala, sale and production of Coca-Cola, along with other soft drinks, was initially banned, before the High Court in Kerala overturned the ban ruling that only the federal government can ban food products.In 2006, the United States Food and Drug Administration responded to reports that the carcinogen benzene was present in unhealthy levels in certain soft drinks by conducting a survey of more than 100 soft drin ks and other beverages. Based on this limited survey, the FDA stated that it â€Å"believes that the results indicate that benzene levels are not a safety concern for consumers. † [pic]History [pic] One of the Coca-Cola Company's headquarters buildings in Atlanta, GA. Pharmacist John Stith Pemberton invented a coca wine called Pemberton's French Wine Coca in 1884.He was inspired by the formidable success of French Angelo Mariani's coca wine, Vin Mariani. The following year, when Atlanta and Fulton County passed Prohibition legislation, Pemberton began to develop a non-alcoholic version of the French Wine Coca. He named it Coca-Cola, because it included the stimulant coca leaves from South America and was flavored using kola nuts, a source of caffeine. Pemberton ran the first advertisement for the beverage on May 29 that year in the Atlanta Journal.In 1887, while suffering from an ongoing addiction to morphine, Pemberton sold a stake in his company to Asa Griggs Candler, who i ncorporated it as the Coca Cola Corporation in 1888. In the same year, Pemberton sold the rights a second time to three more businessmen: J. C. Mayfield, A. O. Murphy, and E. H. Blood worth. Meanwhile, Pemberton's alcoholic son Charley Pemberton began selling his own version of the product. Three versions of Coca-Cola — sold by three separate businesses — were on the market.In 1899 Candler sold the exclusive rights, for $1 (USD) to bottle Coca-Cola in most of the United States to two entrepreneurs from Chattarnooga, TN, Benjamin Thomas and Joseph B. Whitehead who subsequently founded the Coca-Cola Bottling Company In 1919 Candler sold his company to Atlanta banker Ernest Woodruff. According to the 2005 Annual Report, the company sells beverage products in more than 200 countries. The report further states that of the more than 50 billion beverage servings of all types consumed worldwide every day, beverages bearing the trademarks owned by or licensed to Coca-Cola accou nt for approximately 1. billion. Of these, beverages bearing the trademark â€Å"Coca-Cola† or â€Å"Coke† accounted for approximately 55% of the Company's total gallon sales. Also according to the 2005 Annual Report, Coca-Cola had gallon sales distributed as follows: 27% in the United States 27% in Mexico, Brazil, Japan and China 46% in spread throughout the world Bottlers In general, The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC) and/or subsidiaries only produces (or produce) syrup concentrate which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who hold a Coca-Cola franchise.Coca-Cola bottlers, who hold territorially exclusive contracts with the company, produce finished product in cans and bottles from the concentrate in combination with filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell, distribute and merchandise the resulting Coca-Cola product to retail stores, vending machines, restaurants and food service distributors. One notable exception to this general relationshi p between TCCC and bottlers is fountain syrups in the United States, where TCCC bypasses bottlers and is responsible for the manufacture and sale of fountain syrups directly to authorized fountain wholesalers and some fountain retailers.In 2005, Coca-Cola had equity positions in 51 unconsolidated bottling, canning and distribution operations which produced approximately 58% of volume. Significant investees include: 36% of Coca-Cola Enterprises which produces (by population) for 78% of USA, 98% of Canada and 100% of Great Britain (but not Northern Ireland), continental France and the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Belgium and Monaco. 40% of Coca-Cola FEMSA, S. A. de C. V. which produces (by population) for 48% of Mexico, 16% of Brazil, 98% of Colombia, 47% of Guatemala, 100% of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama and Venezuela, and 30% of Argentina. 4% of Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company S. A. which produces (by population) for 67% of Italy and 100% of Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia-Herzeg ovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Nigeria, Northern Ireland, Poland, Rep. of Ireland, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland and Ukraine. 34% of Coca-Cola Amatil which produces (by population) for 98% of Indonesia and 100% of Australia, Indonesia, New Zealand, South Korea, Fiji and Papua New Guinea. 7% of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. which is the second largest Coca-Cola bottler in the United States. The company was incorporated in 1980, and â€Å"its predecessors have been in the soft drink manufacturing and distribution business since 1902. Products and brands [pic] [pic] Diet Coke was introduced in 1982 to offer an alternative to dieters worried about the high number of calories present in Classic Coke. Main article: Coca-Cola brands The Coca-Cola Company offers nearly 400 brands in over 200 countries, besides its namesake Coca-Cola beverage.This includes other varieties of Co ca-Cola such as Diet Coke (introduced in 1982), which uses aspartame, a synthetic phenylalanine-based sweetener, to eliminate the sugar content of the drink; Caffeine-free Coke; Cherry Coke (1985); Diet Cherry Coke (1986); Coke with Lemon (2001); Diet Coke with Lemon (2001); Vanilla Coke (2002); Diet Vanilla Coke (2002); Coca-Cola C2 (2004); Coke with Lime (2004); Diet Coke with Lime (2004); Diet Coke with Splenda (2005), Coca-Cola Zero (2005), Coca-Cola Black Cherry Vanilla (2006), Diet Coca-Cola Black Cherry Vanilla (2006), and Coca-Cola BlaK. Information on brands of coca-cola: [pic]Coca-colaThe world's favorite drink. The world's most valuable brand. The most recognizable word across the world after OK. Coca-Cola has a truly remarkable heritage. From a humble beginning in 1886, it is now the flagship brand of the largest manufacturer, marketer and distributor of non-alcoholic beverages in the world In India, Coca-Cola was the leading soft-drink till 1977 when govt. policies nece ssitated its departure. Coca-Cola made its return to the country in 1993 and made significant investments to ensure that the beverage is available to more and more people, even in the remote and inaccessible parts of the nation.Coca-Cola returned to India in 1993 and over the past ten years has captured the imagination of the nation, building strong associations with cricket, the thriving cinema industry, music etc. Coca-Cola has been very strongly associated with cricket, sponsoring the World Cup in 1996 and various other tournaments, including the Coca-Cola Cup in Sharjah in the late nineties. Coca-Cola's advertising campaigns Jo Chaho Ho Jaye and Life ho to Aisi were very popular and had entered the youth's vocabulary. In 2002, Coca-Cola launched the campaign â€Å"Thanda Matlab Coca-Cola† which sky-rocketed the brand to make it India's favorite soft-drink brand.In 2003, Coke was available for just Rs. 5 across the country and this pricing initiative together with improved distribution ensured that all brands in the portfolio grew leaps and bounds. Coca-Cola had signed on various celebrities including movie stars such as Karishma Kapoor, cricketers such as Srinath, Sourav Ganguly, southern celebrities like Vijay in the past and today, its brand ambassadors are Aamir Khan, Aishwarya Rai, Vivek Oberoi and cricketer Virendra Sehwag. [pic]Fanta Internationally, Fanta – The ‘orange' drink of The Coca-Cola Company, is seen as one of the favorite drinks since 1940's.Fanta entered the Indian market in the year 1993. Over the years Fanta has occupied a strong market place and is identified as â€Å"The Fun Catalyst†. Perceived as a fun youth brand, Fanta stands for its vibrant color, tempting taste and tingling bubbles that not just uplifts feelings but also helps free spirit thus encouraging one to indulge in the moment. This positive imagery is associated with happy, cheerful and special times with friends. [pic]Georgia In the company's journey towards the vision ‘leading the beverage revolution in India', now even Garam matlab Coca-Cola†¦.A hot new launch from Coca-Cola India. Georgia, quality tea and coffee served from state of the art vending machines is positioned to tap into the nation’s biggest beverage category. Georgia, which promises a great tasting, consistent, hygienic and affordable cuppa is available in a range of [pic]sizzling flavours, adrak, elaichi, masala and plain tea cappuccino, mochaccino and regular coffee. Georgia aims to become the consumers preferred choice of hot beverage when he is on the go; the brand is well on course to achieving its visionWhile Georgia is a mass market offering, Georgia Gold is the premium brand which caters to the connoisseur. Made from freshly roasted and ground coffee beans, Georgia Gold is delicious tasting aroma with the tantalizing aroma of fresh coffee. Currently available exclusively at McDonald’s outlets across the country Georgia Gol d has driven coffee sales through the roof. The success of hot beverages from Georgia Gold has resulted in extension into the cold category, with the introduction of Ice Tea and Cold Coffee [pic] Kinley Water, a thirst quencher that refreshes, a life giving force that washes all the toxins away.A ritual purifier that cleanses, purifies, transforms. Water, the most basic need of life, the very sustenance of Life, a celebration of life itself. The importance of water can never be understated. Particularly in a nation such as India where water governs the lives of the millions, be it as part of everyday rituals or as the monsoon which gives life to the sub-continent. Kinley water understands the importance and value of this life giving force. Kinley water thus promises water that is as pure as it is meant to be. Water you can trust to be truly safe and pure.Kinley water comes with the assurance of safety from the Coca-Cola Company. That is why we introduced Kinley with reverse-osmosis along with the latest technology to ensure the purity of our product. That's why we go through rigorous testing procedures at each and every location where Kinley is produced. Because we believe that right to pure, safe drinking water is fundamental. A universal need that cannot be left to chance [pic]Sprite Worldwide Sprite is ranked as the No. 4 soft drink. It is sold in more than 190 countries Worldwide Sprite is ranked as the No. soft drink & is sold in more than 190 countries. In India, Sprite was launched in year 1999 & todayit has grown to be one of the fastest growing soft drinks, leading the Clear lime category. Today Sprite is perceived as a youth icon. Why? With a strong appeal to the youth, Sprite has stood for a straight forward and honest attitude. Its clear crisp refreshing taste encourages the today's youth to trust their instincts, influence them to be true to who they are and to obey their thirst. [pic]Limca Lime n' lemony Limca, the drink that can cast a tangy ref reshing spell on anyone, anywhere.Born in 1971, Limca has been the original thirst choice, of millions of consumers for over 3 decades The brand has been displaying healthy volume growths year on year and Limca continues to be the leading flavor soft drink in the country. The success formula? The sharp fizz and lemony bite combined with the single minded positioning of the brand as the ultimate refresher has continuously strengthened the brand franchise. Limca energizes refreshes and transforms. Dive into the zingy refreshment of Limca and walk away a new person†¦ [pic]Maaza Maaza was launched in 1976.Here was a drink that offered the same real taste of fruit juices and was available throughout the year. In 1993, Maaza was acquired by Coca-Cola India. Maaza currently dominates the fruit drink category. Over the years, brand Maaza has become synonymous with Mango. This has been the result of such successful campaigns like â€Å"Taaza Mango, Maaza Mango† and â€Å"Botal m ein Aam, Maaza hain Naam†. Consumers regard Maaza as wholesome, the current advertising of Maaza positions it as an enabler of fun friendship moments between moms and kids as moms trust the brand and the kids love its taste.The campaign builds on the existing equity of the brand and delivers a relevant emotional benefit to the moms rightly captured in the tagline â€Å"Yaari Dosti Taaza Maaza† [pic]Thums up Strong Cola Taste, Exciting Personality Thums Up is a leading carbonated soft drink and most trusted brand in India. Originally introduced in 1977, Thums Up was acquired by The   Coca-Cola Company in 1993 Thums Up is known for its strong, fizzy taste and its confident, mature   and uniquely masculine attitude. This brand clearly seeks to separate the men from the boys Career at Coca-Cola:Every person who drinks a Coca-Cola enjoys a moment of refreshment – and shares in an experience that millions of others have savored. And all of those individual experien ces combined have created worldwide phenomenon. The Secret of Formula: Commitment, tempered by Passion and seasoned with a great deal of Fun is the Coke way of life. Drawing upon our collective energies, this Secret Formula drives us to achieve greater results collaboratively and thoroughly enjoy ourselves while doing it! The pace, energy and passion of our people constitute the invisible glue that make us one of the most sought after workplaces. Participative Leadership:Right from our interactions in the market, our Business Planning and our Brand launches, to our Employee Engagement Programs, our Values Agenda, and employee processes, every system is available for continuous improvement. A learning atmosphere, enabled by our Manifesto for Growth, helps us seek and replicate the learning’s from within and outside our organization. Our Engagement programs enable us to examine, validate and improve ourselves, constantly. Our colleagues involve themselves in our opportunities f or participative leadership volunteering for work groups that assist decision-making in critical processes.CAMPUS RECRUITMENTS: A taste of summer the Coca-Cola Summer Trainee Program is designed to facilitate the professional development of young talent and identify talented culture-fit employees for the company's Management Trainee program. The Summer Trainee program provides a learning of the vagaries and complexities of our business ‘from the ground up'. With value-creating live projects, the intern begins appreciating the intricacies of his or her function and the impact that it has on business. The quality and content of projects provides an opportunity to complement your classroom learning with hands-on experience.The Coca-Cola Management Trainee Program is the first step towards developing business general managers. A structured assessment process at some of the country's premier business schools ensures that we hire the right talent to groom them into senior management positions. A cross-functional training program spread over six months across the country builds an appreciation of the complexity of the business as well as help you understand the its interlink ages. The learning experience is also spiced up with value-creating projects in the functional stints. Ground learning’s are further consolidated with tructured classroom sessions from the field managers themselves and a Community Development stint helps the leaders of tomorrow to relate to their environment and reaffirms our commitment to the communities that we work in. Women Operations Trainees Program: The WOTES program is based on the Company philosophy that reemphasizes Equal Opportunity and Meritocracy as a core value of the Company’s operations. The program not only aims to grow the business in sync with the Company’s diverse community and consumer base but also intends to engage confident educated Indian women to be an integral part of our organization.The WOTE S or Women Operations Trainees Program is a focused Sales Training program for Women executives who will supplement the sales force in Frontline Sales. Spanning six-months the program consists of a three-month introduction to Sales the Coke way, followed by three months of on-the-job training at their prospective locations. The program imparts invaluable learning and an exposure to on-ground market conditions. At the end of the training, the WOTES will join the field force managing the sales operations across the country.We are guided by the shared values that guide us a Company and as individuals: [pic]Leadership ‘The courage to shape a better future’ [pic]Passion ‘Committed in heart and mind’ [pic]Integrity ‘Be real’ [pic]Accountability ‘If it is to be, it’s up to me [pic]Collaboration ‘Leverage collective genius’ [pic]Innovation ‘Seek, imagine, create, delight’ [pic]Quality ‘What we do, we do well ’ Respecting Ideals We Have Grown With Coca-Cola treasures its people as the most valuable asset, and assert with pride the role its human resources have played in establishing a consistent set of ideals.The Company attributes its unabated growth momentum worldwide to the disciplined approach of its manpower, and promises to reward its employees by respecting these ideals to sustain its long-term growth plans, no matter how much the world and business structures undergo changes. Integrity Is Our Key Ingredient Of Success we believe our success primarily hinges on integrity, and hence, our absolute thrust is on ensuring quality control for each and every of our products, acting with a strong sense of accountability in everything we do.Integrating Our Global Brand With Local Perspectives: Our people have always acknowledged that building and nurturing relationships with people and the world around us is an essential part of our work. No matter how big or complex our business be comes, we recognize the need to demonstrate complete respect for each other. As the world becomes more and more interconnected, yet more firmly rooted in local pride, identification of our interdependence with our stakeholders becomes even more essential.As we have expanded over the decades, our company has benefited from the various cultural insights and perspectives of the societies in which we do business. A large part of our relationship with the world around us is our relationship with the physical world. While we have always sought to be sensitive to the environment, we must use our significant resources and capabilities to provide active leadership on environmental issues, particularly those relevant to our businesses.Much of our future success will depend on our ability to develop a worldwide team that is rich in its diversity of thinking, perspectives, backgrounds and culture. Coca-Cola is the world's most inclusive brand, and Coca-Cola must also be the world's most inclusi ve company Corporate response: The Coca-Cola Company believes our business has always been based on the trust consumers everywhere place in us—trust that is earned by what we do as a corporate citizen and by our ability to live our values as a commercial enterprise.There is much in our world to celebrate, refresh, strengthen and protect. Through our actions as local citizens, we strive every day to refresh the marketplace, enrich the workplace, preserve the environment and strengthen our communities. At the heart of our business is the trust consumers place in us. They rightly expect that we are managing our business according to sound ethical principles, that we are enhancing the health of our communities, and that we are using natural resources responsibly. Media:Touching lives of a few more Fisherman- closer to 2nd anniversary of Tsunami Coca-Cola India Dedicates New Dockyard and Marketing Centre to Cuddlier Fishing Community Continuing its long-standing and ongoing suppor t to communities affected by Tsunami in Tamil Nadu, Coca-Cola India and Hindustan Coca Cola Beverage Pvt. Ltd and to realize their common vision to strengthen the communities, dedicated a boat dockyard and a large Marketing Centre to the fishing community in Pudhukuppam, situated 25 kms from Cuddalore in Tamilnadu.This was done by organizing a large community mobilization camp on November 26, 2006 in presence of hundreds of members of community, District Collector, representatives of our partner NGO- AFPRO and other dignitaries. The Dockyard facility aims to create new economic opportunities for the fishing families in Pudhukuppam. While the dockyard will ensure that the boats will not get impacted during disasters and the marketing centre ensures that the fishermen get good price right at their doorstep. Earlier, Coca-Cola had provided fiber motorized boats and fishing nets to a group of 80 fishermen in adjoining village in the same area.The district collector Sh. Gagandeep Singh B edi, present at the occasion, commended Coca-Cola’s effort for such a unique project post Tsunami, which will touch the lives of the poorest of the fisherman. Sh Bedi highlighted that the project is unique as not only it is first Dock Yard coming up post Tsunami but that the marketing centre will help touch lives of even the smallest of the fisherman. The boat dockyard and marketing center together are expected to considerably ease the burden of storage, transportation and sale of the catch for approximately 3000 fishing families that live in the surrounding area.Speaking on the occasion the Panchayat President said that, â€Å"This initiative by Coca-Cola India and Action for Food Production (AFPRO) to bring about a renewed economic change is heartily welcome. The new boat dockyard would enable the fishermen to dock their boats safely and the proximity of the dockyard to the main market and the road will ease the burden of transportation, preservation and disposal of the ca tch†. He added that such corporate contributions are the only way the region’s fishing community – recently affected by the disastrous tsunami – will regain economic stability.With the financial investment from Coca-Cola India, the dockyard is built with technical support from Action for Food Production (AFPRO), a socio-technical non-governmental organization working for the development of the rural poor through effective natural resource management solutions. The new dockyard has been constructed at a convenient location further inland on the backwaters and away from the coast so that boats can be safely anchored and can be protected from any natural calamity like tsunami